Supply Chain Report on FMCG MEGHNA Group Essay Example

Supply Chain Report on FMCG MEGHNA Group Paper Meghan Group has already invested USED 1 Billion for setting up new lines of business and great expansion programs such as chemical complex, power, salt, seed crushing, cement and media. Meghan Group has contributed almost 75 million US Dollars as Tax to the state exchequers in Fiscal year 2012-2013. Corporate Vision, Mission, and Values: Vision: We are passionately creating sustainable economic value for our country and stakeholders by contributing to the industrial development of the nation and fundamental requirements of our consumers. Mission: We would like to enhance our capability in a competitive and globalize environment levering superior and sustainable value within next 5 years. Values: MGM pays attention to the safety of people and products, acts pro-socially and is environmentally friendly. MGM is sensitive to cultural differences, treats social and commercial partners with respect and facilities the development of its partners. FMC Products and services: Fresh refined sugar: Fresh refined sugar is produced without any human interference using the most modernized process and state-of-the-art technology which guarantee its purity. Fresh refined sugar is packed in approved food graded pack with anti-wet process to maintain the cleanliness and clarity inside. Super Fresh soybean oil and super Pure vegetable oil: It follows 3 steps of refining process-perfect Deducting Naturalization, Balanced Decentralization and Five steps Deterioration to ensure right ratio of Omega 3 6 and intact Afternoon in Soybean Oil. Fresh mustard oil: karma Mustard 011 Malls Elemental produces ten Telnets Mustard 011 Ana Mustard o Cake under the brand name of Fresh. We will write a custom essay sample on Supply Chain Report on FMCG MEGHNA Group specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Supply Chain Report on FMCG MEGHNA Group specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Supply Chain Report on FMCG MEGHNA Group specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Fresh Mustard Oil is produced from worlds finest best quality mustard seeds and purified properly in an automatic plant. The legacy of this brand is to provide its great pungency natural taste to the nonusers. Also it connotes the heritage of our Bengali culture. Fresh data, Fresh Maida Fresh juju: Fresh Data, Fresh Maida Fresh Juju offers the best quality and taste. The brand carefully selects best quality wheat. It uses multi step cleaning process and computerized Bluer milling technology to keep nutritional goodness intact. Fresh dishes musher deal, Fresh anchor deal: Fresh Deal offers the best quality and taste. The Lentils are major collected from various local sources, directly from farmers. To ensure best quality the factory uses Optical Clerestory Z+ machine from Switzerland. Fresh Deal is considered to be the best quality deal of the country. Fresh full cream milk powder, super Pure full cream milk powder: Fresh full cream milk powder provides the essential energy and nutrition for kids and adults intelligence, growth and strong health. Its cooling helps in brain development, its protein, calcium, potassium, phosphorus aids in better growth and finally vitamin A, B, D and Zinc helps to build better immune system. These three nutrients allow your kids to become invincible. No. L sweetened condensed filed milk: Tasmania Condensed Milk Limited is the largest condensed milk factory in Bangladesh tit the most modern hi-tech and automatic process technology. No. 1 Sweetened Condensed Filled Milk is made in this factory by using quality milk powder, refined cane sugar, purified fat, lactose, non fat milk solids I-JP treated water. No. L Sweetened Condensed Filled Milk is homogeneity, pastured and flash cooled to guarantee the best quality SCOFF with smooth texture and complete nutrition. Fresh super premium salt: Fresh Super Premium Salt is produced by using the combination of Switzerland World Latest Technology and Vacuum Evaporation System which can remove all impurities and ensures a natural balance of all minerals like Sodium Chloride, Iodine, Calcium and Magnesium. As a result it helps to create balanced electrolytes, activate nerve function and carries the nutrients to reach every cell within our body. Its balanced Iodine also helps to promote brain development and improve immune system. Super Fresh drinking water, No. L drinking water: Super Fresh Drinking Water is popular and the market leader among the drinking water Dramas In Bangles. It Is clear, transparent, Tree Trot microorganisms Ana refined in seven stage of purification process as De-lord, Pre-ozone, De-Odor, Softening, Reverse Osmosis, Ultraviolet Treatment and Connation. Hygiene practice is maintained in every step of our refining process. So, Super Fresh Drinking Water is safest, reengineering, refreshing, trendy and suitable for human body. In February, 2013, a new brand of water No. L Drinking Water also was introduced to the market to cater the popular segment Fresh premium tea, Fresh addenda tea, Fresh dust tea, No-I leaf tea, No-I strong tea: Fresh tea is the best Tea blend of the country with the best raw tea carefully chosen from the best gardens of Bangladesh. Fresh tea has great strength, mouth fullness taste. Along with bright liquor, attractive color and natural flavor it gives the best Freshness. Fresh spice: To spice up our daily life with good taste and add a healthy punch to all our breakfast, lunch and dinner; Spices have become essential. With latest grinding technology and a modern, hygienic manufacturing process, Fresh spices has been able to create a strong foothold in consumer mind. For its obsession with quality management, spices with international standards are also being exported to several countries. Corporate social responsibilities (CARS): The founder of Meghan Group of Industries, Mr..

Operant Conditioning

Operant Conditioning Introduction This theory is also referred to as instrumental conditioning or Skinnerian conditioning theory. This theory was coined by B.F. Skinner. Skinner was a behaviorist from Harvard. He proposed this theory in the twentieth century. This theory was however, based on the law of effect by Thorndike (Linskie 2005).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Operant Conditioning specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To study behavior, Skinner had to conduct scientific experiments in laboratories. Rats were used as specimens in his experiments. They would be placed in a box known as the Skinner box. Both Skinner and Thorndike used boxes in their studies. Thorndike’s box was known as the puzzle box (Leonard 2002). In order to study behavior effectively, the behaviorist’s had to make certain assumptions. Behaviorist believed psychology is a science, and as such, to study psychology, it would involve use of experiments. Behaviorists also believed that behavior can only be observed. They also believed that learning is similar in both humans and animals. Operant conditioning is a learning model through which people are rewarded or punished for their behavior. This means that for every behavior, there is a consequence. The theory attempts to change behavior by using either reinforcement or punishment. After conducting thorough research, Skinner came up with three types of responses that he observed from his experiments (Linskie 2005). Punishers This can be described as responses that discourage behavior from being repeated. This will help kill behavior. Reinforcement These are events that encourage behavior to be repeated. Reinforcement according to Skinner can either be positive or negative. Neutral operant These responses seem not to encourage or discourage behavior.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Positive and negative reinforcement Reinforcement is that event that seeks to encourage the occurrence of a behavior. Reinforcement is said to strengthen behavior. To study reinforcement, Skinner used rats and the Skinner box. The cage had a lever. Whenever the rat touched the lever, a food pellet would drop (Linskie 2005). Within no time the rat had learnt that by touching the lever, it would be able to get food. In another study, a rat would be placed in a Skinner box. In this case an electric current was introduced in the box. This was supposed to cause discomfort to the rat. As the rat ran in the box, it would touch a lever that would switch off the electric current. After repeating the experiment severally, Skinner noted that immediately the rat was placed in the box it would go straight to the lever and touch it (Leonard 2002). Positive reinforcement This seeks to encourage the occurrence of a behavior or trait. For each behavior, there is a consequence. A good exampl e is when a parent promises his or her child money if they got good grades. The child is likely to perform better by working hard to get good grades. Negative reinforcement Unpleasant consequences or events can also help strengthen behavior. Unlike positive reinforcement where actions are rewarded here the vice versa happens. A good example is when a parent agrees with his or her child that if they fail to get good grades they will pay the parent a certain amount of money. The negative consequence will make the child work hard as they would not want to pay the agreed sum of money to their parents. After carefully looking at both the positive and negative reinforcement, I would conclude that negative reinforcement is the most effective. In the case of positive reinforcement, if the child does not get good grades he or she will not lose anything. But in negative reinforcement, the child has no option but to work hard and get good grades. This makes negative reinforcement most effectiv e compared to positive reinforcement. Applying the operant behavior to shape behavior Students normally tend to be notorious by not completing their assignments on time. This is because some of them are lazy or are usually doing other things instead of doing their homework. This behavior should be discouraged. This is because handing in the assignments late robs the tutor enough time to mark the assignments. The tutor is usually forced to look for alternative time or even work overtime to complete marking the assignments. To change this behavior, I would create a reinforcement schedule. This would encourage the students to change their behavior and be submitting their assignments in time. To do this, I would employ a system whereby the students would be liable to pay 5 dollars every time they submitted their assignments late. Students would be submitting their assignments in time to avoid paying this amount.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Operant Condition ing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion Operant conditioning theory can be used to change behavior. By either using positive or negative reinforcement, we can be able to encourage or discourage a certain trait that we desire. By employing this theory proposed by Skinner we would be able to shape behavior. This can be done by either rewarding or punishing behavior. Studies have shown that operant conditioning is the most suitable learning model that can be used to change behavior in both humans and animals. References Leonard, D. C. (2002). Learning theories, A to Z. Westport, Conn.: Oryx Press. Linskie, R. (2005). The learning process: theory and practice. Lanham, MD: University Press of America.

Critical Essay On The Book The Crusades through Arab Eyes

Critical On The Book The Crusades through Arab Eyes - Essay Example The book stands out among other books written on this subject, for it differs from other books in its focus. Majority of books have depicted the Crusades from the Western perspective. This book focuses on the Arab forces and their thoughts. The author begins the book by describing the fear that Franj troops created in the minds of Arab leaders. King Kilij Arslan was the first Arab King who was informed about the approach of Franj troops. â€Å"The King Kilij Arslan whom Ibn al-Qalanisi mentions here was not yet seventeen when their invader arrived. The first Muslim leader to be informed of their approach, but also the first to be routed by the formidable knights.  The news of the invasion was received with fear, as Arslan was aware that the Franj troops brought ruin and destruction. The attitude of Arab world towards Franj troops is depicted in the thoughts of Arslan. Although they were ignorant of their aims, they were sure that Franj troops were coming to harm them. Arslan repre sented the outlook of the Arab world towards Franj troops. â€Å"He immediately feared the worst. Naturally, he had no idea as to the real aims of these people, but in his view, nothing good could come of their arrival in the Orient.†. The Arab world viewed the Franj troops with distrust and fear.  The book also sheds light on the conduct of Arabs and Franj troops during the Crusades. The Franj troops claimed that they followed the teachings of Christian but their behaviour defied their claim.  Ã‚  

Cystic Fibrosis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Cystic Fibrosis - Essay Example The CFTR protein is located in epithelial cells, which form a lining of major body organs. The CFTR protein in people without cystic Fibrosis controls the flow of salt and water through the epithelial walls. As a result, it retains mucus secreted thin and watery. The thin mucus is important since it protects the lining of the liver, lungs, pancreatic glands, reproductive organs and digestive organs. A Cystic Fibrosis patient who has a mutated CFTR gene, the passage of sodium chloride through the epithelial cells does not occur normally. The body lacks a healthy CFTR protein needed to maintain a balance of salt and water leading to a lot of salt in sweat and making the mucus produced by the mucous gland too thick and sticky. The thick mucus clogs and obstructs body organs, linings and passageways thus preventing the normal functioning of body organs (Bjorklund 15-16). Cystic fibrosis causes acute respiratory problems; this is due to acute haemoptysis and pneumonia. The infecting organisms of patients who have pneumonia include Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The body has a small amount of functional CFTR to bind with the infectious bacteria resulting in obstruction of the airways. As the obstruction increases, it becomes very hard for air to pass through during inhalation and exhalation. This leads to expansion of the alveoli leading to trapping of air in small tubes. Over time, this causes barrel-shaped chest leading to increased pulmonary artery pressure that in turn causes heart failure. In addition, thick and sticky mucus, which is the main symptom in cystic fibrosis patients, clogs the bronchioles and as a result, parts of the lungs become blocked off. The small air passage also becomes weak and loses the ability to work properly; this often develops to bronchiecstasis. The patient coughs a lot and wheezes while breathing. In addition, cystic

The Effects of Child Family Interaction

The Effects of Child Family Interaction Child and family interaction: the setting The scene shows Eaton Kerr, a toddler, in a happy and playful family photo shoot with other members of his family. These family members are his mother, Kerry; his father, Jonathan; and his doting 8 year old brother, Jordan. The Kerr family lives in Northern Ireland. Kerry is clearly enamoured of her little boy. In her own words, she â€Å"cant bear to be away from him† and could just â€Å"gobble him up†. This is probably intensified by the fact that Eaton had been an unproblematic infant, who slept well, ate well and rarely cried. Kerry and Jonathan apparently had an easy time in the first few months after his birth. This is evident in the casual and relaxed manner that can be seen with the entire family. However, one and a half years later, Kerry is yearning for a baby girl. Having previously lost two female children, and currently raising two little boys, Kerry hungers for a female child. A scene in which she strokes her dogs head longingly could perhaps be an indicator of how much she craves another child. Kerry has a tendency for potential fatal blood clots, which is typically increased in pregnancy. Despite past medical complications and a clear understanding of the associated risks, Kerry is determined to pursue her dream. She is booked into the hospital for a medical scan to assess potential risk of cerebrovascular or cardiovascular events during pregnancy. The results are daunting and confirm that a pregnancy could be lifethreatening for the young mother. Understandably, Kerry is dejected by the prognosis, and four months later, she still has not come to terms with the outcomes of the scan. Her severe levels of unhappiness culminate in clinical depression: she is perpetually unhappy and tired; has lost all motivation to carry out even mundane everyday tasks; and finds no pleasure in things that normally make her happy (anhedonia). The loss of her two baby girls in the past appears to be constantly on her mind and she keeps photo scans of the embryos which would serve as a constant negative reminder. The fact that she has named these two offspring (Jordana and Caitlin) shows the depth of the attachment she feels for them. In addition, it seems she has recently lost her father all these are textbook triggers for clinical depression. Using the DSM-1 classification of mental health diseases, Kerrys depression would be classified as severe, as she confesses to having had suicidal thoughts. It is a well-known fact that depressed mothers find it difficult to respond to their childrens needs. In a poor attempt to discipline her toddler, Kerry tries to implement strict upbringing rules which are often not suitable to Eatons developmental phase. This is clearly corroborated by the evidence of Eatons corresponding stunted development. However, the little boy is shown as striving to obey his mother, only becoming rebellious at the often-dreaded bedtime etc, thus showing signs of his first battle for independence at eighteen months. Poor sleep hygiene that is common among depressed patients is also proving to be problematic in the mother-child relationship. In the video, classifying humans according to their sleep patterns, Eaton is categorised as a lark early to bed and early to wake; while Kerry is a contradicting owl who is up till late at night and, consequently, stays in bed till late in the afternoon. This means that Eaton is often up, for hours, sometimes for up to three and a half hours, crying for his mother before he gets any attention. He is losing numerous battles for his independence in this power struggle and is learning that he has no control over his environment. Although it is not voiced in the videotape, the constant absence of Eatons father, Jonathan, suggests possible family problems. He has to leave for work early as he helps run the family energy business, and appears to be blissfully unaware of the problems in his home. Therefore, Kerry is probably going through these difficult times alo ne. Without the vital family and social support, her depression is likely to worsen and would essentially adversely impact on her little boy. Child development As Kerry is unable to motivate herself to do anything, she is also incapable of stimulating the young Eaton. Her apparent insensitivity to his emotional needs is clearly evident and would be detrimental to the childs development. This is seen with simple tests as outlined below: Progress testing: carried out by a child development specialist with picture books and block shapes. The results of this showed that Eaton could complete less than one third of his tasks and is behind other children of his chronological age. Empathy testing: using a scientifically based questionnaire, Kerry scored high on the empathy testing. However, she has been unable to pass this on to Eaton who scored very low on these tests, having a tendency towards blatant aggression towards not just his mother, but also to his eight-year old brother, Jordan. This sort of behaviour could lead to bullying traits in the future. Interaction experiment: this shows that Kerry is unwilling to allow Eaton grow and learn. By limiting his playtime to toys and games that dont stimulate him, she is inadvertently limiting his development, probably in an unconscious and failing attempt to foster attachment to her. It seems she doesnt want him to gain independence, but would rather he remain dependent on her. Analysis of child-mother interaction: a literature review Attachment theory John Bowlbys attachment theory is a psychological and ethological description that helps to explain an infants attachment to a parent or caregiver. Infants become attached to adults who are sensitive and responsive in their interactions with them. The way a parent responds to their young infant in different situations is key to the development of patterns of attachment in the child. These patterns are the skeletal framework that guides the childs feelings, thoughts and expectations in subsequent relationships (Bretherton et al, 1999). According to Bowlbys theory, through physical and emotional closeness with a parent or caregiver, the child develops an internal working model, reflecting the parents own response to him/her. In Eatons case his thought process might mirror the insensitivity that he has experienced from his depressed mother, and could potentially cause problems in the future. Family dynamics: a secure base The point of attachment should ideally provide a secure base from which the child can explore the environment and return when he/she feels fearful. If Eaton lacks that secure haven, his mental health would be compromised. In his book, A Secure Base, John Bowlby (1998) describes the initiation of the mother-infant interaction. He highlights an initial elation and extreme possessiveness immediately after delivery. This phase was probably evident in Kerry, in the first few months when she stated her joy and reluctance to let Eaton out of her sight. However, the well documented lively social interaction alternating with phases of disengagement may have developed a pronounced effect of the latter phase, especially after the disheartening results of her hospital scan. Peri- and post-natal conditions that could affect (hinder or foster) positive attachment and the effective formation of a secure base, as outlined by Bowlby (1998) are outlined below: Adequate support for the mother with other aspects of household chores, etc. A secure base for the mother herself Length of separation from the baby in the hours and days following delivery Birth experience Attitudes and expectations expressed by the mother during her pregnancy It is not clear from the brief clips of the videotape which, if any, of the above factors are applicable to Kerrys experience. However, interpreting non-verbal communication and appearances, I think it is possible that Kerry receives little or no support around the house, especially as Jonathan departs for work early and eight-year old Jordan would be if limited help. This proposed lack of support could mean that Kerry does not have her own personal security base and might have been in need of assurances. While we are not privy to Kerrys birth experience during the delivery of little Eaton, her past medical history, in addition to that statement â€Å"Ive cheated life once alreadyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ , suggest that she may have had a difficult pregnancy, which, in addition, could have led to prolonged periods of separation from her newborn in the periods immediately following the birth. The Maternal Deprivation Theory Revisiting the controversial ‘maternal deprivation theory, in the World Health Organization report on Maternal Care and Mental Health, Bowlby (1951) explored the effects of deprivation of maternal care. Maternal deprivation is not limited in definition to mothers who are physically absent from their infants lives; it also applies to mothers who are not sensitive or responsive to their childs needs. In this report, Bowlby concluded that a warm, intimate and continuous child-mother relationship, in which both parties find satisfaction and enjoyment, is essential. Lack of such a satisfactory relationship could lead to significant and irreversible mental health malformations. The case of Eaton and his mother, Kerry, could be seen as a classic example of the maternal deprivation theory. While Kerry is present physically, her own self-admitted lack of motivation and uninvolved attitude is not adequate to foster that close relationship with her second son. As highlighted by Bowlby and later his close colleague, Mary Ainsworth (1962), Eaton could be at risk of having some mental problems in the future, if a timely and effective intervention is not implemented. The long-term effects of poor child-family interactions The consequences of the poor maternal and possibly paternal interaction which Eaton is accustomed to cannot be overemphasised. In a recent study using a conceptual model derived from the attachment theory, it was shown that attachment anxiety and low empathy significantly increases the odds of child molester status (Woods and Riggs, 2008). Furthermore, attachment insecurity in childhood is linked to externalizing behaviour and higher and stable patterns of depressive behaviour at the adolscence stage (Allen et al, 2007). Also, conversely, avoidance of closeness in depressed mothers is implicated in the development of internalizing symptoms in their children, because individuals who are avoidant of closeness, logically, are poor care givers (Whiffen et al, 2005). Research also shows that infants and toddlers of depressed mothers are at increased risk of developing attachment insecurity and behavioural difficulties than offspring of nondisordered mothers (Cicchetti et al, 1998). Observing the effects of maternal depression on social cognition and behaviour in parent-child interactions, Lovejoy (2007) depressed mothers, as a group, exhibited more negative behaviour. Furthermore, maternal depression was found to be associated with negative parent-child interactions and more negative, albeit fairly accurate, perceptions of child behaviour. This factor could be a major implicating factor in the apparent poor development that Eaton shows. An older study by Seiner and Gelfand (1995) showed that enacted maternal withdrawal and depression led to toddlers physically withdrawing from their mothers, making more negative physical bids for attention and generally becoming unfocused and negative, displaying their distress in a developmentally appropriate manner. In addition, the children made no attempt to comfort their mothers; this can be related to Eatons unsympathetic reaction to his mothers apparent distress in the video. There are numerous other studies in the literature that explore the negative impact of poor interaction between child and mother (or care giver). There is a clear association between attachment and maternal depression, and the development of the recipient child. Recently, Vieten and Astin (2008) evaluated the effectiveness of an eight-week mindfulness-based intervention during pregnancy on prenatal stress and mood. Their findings demonstrate that mothers who received this intervention showed significantly reduced anxiety and negative effect during the third trimester in comparison to those who did not receive the intervention. It is well-documented that stress and negative mood during pregnancy increase the risk of poor childbirth outcomes and postnatal mood problems and may interfere with mother-infant attachment and child development. Accordingly, such interventions may be pivotal in supporting mothers in preparation for child delivery. Conclusion In the course of research for this write-up, I have a gained a greater understanding of the attachment theory and the role of the â€Å"secure base† in molding a childs development. More importantly, I am now aware of the need to provide as much support to the mother as is expected for the newborn. This is especially the case for at-risk mothers. Partners and family members need to be a part of the support programme to ensure that mothers receive the care and security they need in order to effectively carry out their newly acquired duties.

The Paradox of Heroism in Homer’s Iliad Essay -- Iliad essays

The Paradox of Heroism in Homer’s Iliad The Iliad presents a full range of valorous warriors: the Achaians Diomedes, Odysseus, and the Aiantes; the Trojans Sarpedon, Aeneas, and Glaukos. These and many others are Homer’s models of virtue in arms. Excelling all of them, however, are the epic’s two central characters, Achilleus, the son of Peleus and, Hector, the son of Priam. In these two, one finds the physical strength, intense determination, and strenuous drive that give them first place within their respective armies. Further, in their inner struggles they together present a complete archetype of the hero. The Homeric vision of the hero presents Achilleus and Hektor resolving the paradox of embodying the ideals of their communities and at the same time standing utterly apart from their fellow humans. This conflict between alienation from and integration with all of humankind first arises in the question of the heroes’ motives; this implies different choices of Other or Self, in which one finds i mplications for leadership and response to human fate, respectively. It is the struggle of interests and destinies—their own against their communities’—that takes them beyond the frame of ordinary human life. The basis for the heroes’ actions arises from the conflict between concern for self and concern for others—their egoistic and altruistic impulses. The former draws them to seek eternal glory for themselves, establishing a corpus of deeds that men will recount in song and story for generations. The latter places the safety and wholeness of the community as the highest cause, fulfilling the role of protector and preserver. While one first encounters Achilleus and Hektor formally fighting for someone else’s honor—Achill... ...or perfects this balance; that they experience both aspects of each self-combat brings them to the very limits of humanity. Moreover, each is made complete by the other, since each spurs the other to supreme glory and tests his resolve to attain greatness. The image of the final confrontation between Achilleus and Hektor crystallizes the heroes’ place in the natural order: even as they stand just beyond the walls of the city, so they stand just outside the gates to endless life. Though they cannot ultimately escape their deaths, they nevertheless journey farther than any man on the path to immortality in the present—experiencing humanity in its fullest degree, yet also touching the divine. NOTES 1. The author wishes to dedicate this essay to Mrs. Martin Luther King 2. Homer, Iliad, trans. Richard Lattimore (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1951). The Paradox of Heroism in Homer’s Iliad Essay -- Iliad essays The Paradox of Heroism in Homer’s Iliad The Iliad presents a full range of valorous warriors: the Achaians Diomedes, Odysseus, and the Aiantes; the Trojans Sarpedon, Aeneas, and Glaukos. These and many others are Homer’s models of virtue in arms. Excelling all of them, however, are the epic’s two central characters, Achilleus, the son of Peleus and, Hector, the son of Priam. In these two, one finds the physical strength, intense determination, and strenuous drive that give them first place within their respective armies. Further, in their inner struggles they together present a complete archetype of the hero. The Homeric vision of the hero presents Achilleus and Hektor resolving the paradox of embodying the ideals of their communities and at the same time standing utterly apart from their fellow humans. This conflict between alienation from and integration with all of humankind first arises in the question of the heroes’ motives; this implies different choices of Other or Self, in which one finds i mplications for leadership and response to human fate, respectively. It is the struggle of interests and destinies—their own against their communities’—that takes them beyond the frame of ordinary human life. The basis for the heroes’ actions arises from the conflict between concern for self and concern for others—their egoistic and altruistic impulses. The former draws them to seek eternal glory for themselves, establishing a corpus of deeds that men will recount in song and story for generations. The latter places the safety and wholeness of the community as the highest cause, fulfilling the role of protector and preserver. While one first encounters Achilleus and Hektor formally fighting for someone else’s honor—Achill... ...or perfects this balance; that they experience both aspects of each self-combat brings them to the very limits of humanity. Moreover, each is made complete by the other, since each spurs the other to supreme glory and tests his resolve to attain greatness. The image of the final confrontation between Achilleus and Hektor crystallizes the heroes’ place in the natural order: even as they stand just beyond the walls of the city, so they stand just outside the gates to endless life. Though they cannot ultimately escape their deaths, they nevertheless journey farther than any man on the path to immortality in the present—experiencing humanity in its fullest degree, yet also touching the divine. NOTES 1. The author wishes to dedicate this essay to Mrs. Martin Luther King 2. Homer, Iliad, trans. Richard Lattimore (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1951).

Business-to-consumer and Business-to-business relationships

The business-to-consumer type of relationship is considered as â€Å"economic transactions conducted between individual consumers and organizations† (van Slyke, Belanger, & Comunale, 2004). There are several differences between this type of marketplace, the business-to-consumer (B2C), and its other counterpart, the business-to-business (B2B) marketplace. It has its corresponding impact to Cavalier Products that needs to be considered before venturing into this type of business relationship. As mentioned earlier, there are differences between the B2B and B2C type of relationship along several lines.First, the clients of the two are different where in the B2B, it is businesses or organizations and in B2C markets, the clients are individual consumers (Wright, 2006). Approach towards these two types of clients is different where in the former, buying behavior is considered to be more rational and in the latter, it is influenced by biases and personal preferences (Wright, 2006). Th e approach in terms of marketing and the selling strategy would be different when dealing with these two types of clients.Second, the volume of sales is entirely different for that of the B2B and B2C business types. It is known that the sales, and consequently the profit derived, is far greater in the transactions that arise from the B2B as compared to the B2C because of the differences in the demand (Moore, Petty, Palich, & Longnecker, 2008). The demand for the B2B is far greater because of the larger needs of the organizations as compared to individual customers who would not consume as much as what businesses consumer.This is especially true for the office equipment and materials where there is a greater amount needed for such in an office than for an individual consumer. It also takes a longer time for the individual consumers to consume a specific quantity compared to the businesses who would consume more at a faster rate. However, it remains that both of these lead to profits for the company but with corresponding business risks. It is best to conduct an initial study regarding the profitability of a B2C business endeavor through simulation and projection.There are several means through which this could be done without incurring significant losses. From a personal standpoint, there is a feasibility of such but the problem lies mainly with the delivery of goods especially for distant areas which require long transportation and careful handling for the equipment. This is especially true for purchases made for small quantities only and would require a large cost for handling and shipping.This requires additional distribution centers in the region where the company intends to launch its B2C business. There should be safety nets installed in order to prevent losses and failures when it comes to the inability of the company to meet the demands of the customer as expected because this would also affect the image it has in its B2B relationships. There should als o be a thorough understanding of the company’s capabilities in meeting the volume of demand from both the B2B and B2C clients.When there are sufficient clients, it is deemed better to sell to businesses because of the continuous demand for the products and the volume required by these organizations. It is significantly large for the company and would save on shipping and handling. A B2B relationship would also be easier to handle because the clients are lesser, compared to a B2C market, and would make marketing easier to formulate and implement. Thus, it has been shown that there are differences and similarities in B2B and B2C markets, which primarily lie on the volume and nature of clients.These are important considerations when venturing into any of the two markets in order to maintain the reputation of the company. References Moore, C. , Petty, J. W. , Palich, L. , & Longnecker, J. (2008). Managing small business: An entrepreneurial emphasis (14th Ed. ). Mason, OH: South-W estern Cengage Learning. van Slyke, C. , Belanger, F. , & Comunale, C. (2004). Factors influencing the adoption of web-based hopping: The impact of trust. ACM SIGMIS Database, 35(2), 32-49. Wright, R. 92006). Consumer behavior. London, UK: Thomson Learning.